8D (8 Disciplines of Problem Solving)
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Problem Definition and Root Cause Analysis
It is a common mistake of problem solving teams to jump to conclusions and make decisions based on feelings and non verified observations. The team must stay focused on the facts and what solutions can be linked to these facts. Pioneered by Ford Motor Company through its’ Team Oriented Problem Solving Global 8D process, 8D has migrated across many industries and has become one of the most popular problem resolution processes available today.
8 Disciplines of Problem Solving - Root Causes
8 Disciplines of Problem Solving is a formal and meticulous approach to solving complex problems. The 8D process uses a combination of effective techniques and tools to focus a cross functional team through a very detailed analysis of the problem that has brought them together. When followed diligently, 8D will lead to the discovery of the root causes and possible solutions with consideration of cost, timing, effect on customers, and the impact on the organization.
The Basic Premise of the 8D Process
Problems cannot be solved without definition of the root causes. This process for defining the root causes takes several steps:
- Brainstorming possible causes
- Converting possible causes into most likely causes
- Verified Root Causes
Tools and techniques utilized in 8D to define root causes and their possible solutions are as follows:
- Problem Statement (What is wrong with what?)
- 5 Why technique
- Is and Is Not
- Difference and Change Analysis
- Fishbone/Cause and Effects
- Active and Passive Verification
8D Problem Solving as Communication
Many companies using Six Sigma and other home grown problem solving methods find it valuable to use 8D Problem Solving due to its similar nature to Six Sigma and other basic problem solving disciplines, but not requiring as much intense training in statistics. With the wide acceptance of the 8D process and a successful track record, it is typically used with the Supply Chain of many large companies. In addition, when deployed intelligently 8D can utilize a database of past problems and solutions for prevention activities.
8D Problem Solving - Cause and Effect Diagram
Eight Disciplines for Problem Solving and Failure Mode and Effects Analysis are also related by sharing possible causes for failure as well as failure modes. One difference is the timing of these techniques. FMEA is an 8D that is done before an 8D is needed.
QAI has been providing 8D and Global 8D training and facilitation for two decades. We have been a provider for Ford Motor Co., Intel and many other companies in various industries. QAI has the experience to bring greater value to your problem resolution processes by utilizing and transferring the knowledge of Eight Disciplines effectively.
8D and Human Factors
Root Cause analysis can never lead to operator error alone. Operator error is not actionable, therefore human factors must be considered to drive closer to the root casue where error proofing or improved process capabaility can permanently reduce or eliminate recurrence. Learn more about human factors.
8 Disciplines of Problem Solving Resources
Free 8D Downloads
Quality Associates International is now offering a FREE download of our 8D Team Problem Solving reference card. This card can be printed out for your reference. Download your FREE 8D Team Problem Solving reference card.
8D Online Training
We now offer an electronic version of our 8D training course. This course is offered on the World Wide Web for the low price of $89.00 USD. The 8D course is Web-Based, which allows users to access their course(s) anywhere that has an internet connection, anytime. Learn more about QAI's 8D Online Training course.
Learn more about 8D Online Training enterprise ordering if you are interested in obtaining a corporate-wide license for multiple users.
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